What is a tensile strength machine? This post provides you with a brief overview of the tensile tester.
It mainly including the tensile tester definition, the application and test object of tensile testing machine, tensile tester features, testing principles and proceudres.
Tensile tester definition
A tensile tester, also named a universal material testing machine, is a kind of tester used for adding the mechanical force to fabrics in the test about their mechanical properties such as instrumentation static load, tensile, compression, bending, shear, tear and peel.
It is also suitable for testing various physical and mechanical properties of plastic plates, tubes, profiles, plastic film and rubber, wire and cable, steel, glass fiber, and other materials, becoming an indispensable testing machine for boosting material development, teaching research, quality control, and other aspects.
The fixture is a crucial componence of the tester. And different materials call for different fixtures, which plays an important role in finishing the test smoothly and the accuracy of the test result.
The application and test object of tensile tester
The tensile tester is extensively used across a wide range of industries, such as measurement and quality inspection, rubber and plastic, metallurgy and steel, machinery manufacturing, electronic appliances, automobile production, textile and chemical fiber, commercial arbitration, and technical supervision departments, petrochemical and so on.
The tensile tester is mainly applicable to determine the tensile strength of metal and non-metal materials subject to compression, bending, shear, peeling, tearing, etc, such as rubber, plastic, wire and cable, safety belt, insurance belt, plastic profiles, waterproof coil, copper and so forth.
Tensile tester features
Measure the displacement by the imported photoelectric encoder.
The controller adopts an embedded single-chip microcomputer structure. There is powerful measurement and control software inside the machine which integrates the function of measurement, control, calculation, and storage into one system.
It can also carry out the automatic calculation of stress, elongation (need to be equipped with an extensometer), tensile strength and elastic modulus, and even statistics of results.
Moreover, it has the function of recording the maximum force, fracture point, force, and elongation at the specified point. It is also characterized by the dynamic display of the test process and test curve by the computer which is used for the data processing.
Once the test is completed without any error, you can re-analyze and re-edit the data by enlarging the curve in accordance with the graphic processing module.
Finally, you can print the report which will denote that the performance of the product has met with the international advanced level.
Test Principle
One end of the sample to be tested is held by the upper gripper, and the other end is applied with the standard prescribed pre-tension.
The sample is clamped by the lower gripper. Besides, it is stretched by the lower gripper at a constant rate during the test, and the lower gripper drops at a displacement that is the elongation of the sample.
The tensile force on the sample is converted into an electrical signal by the sensor connected with the upper gripper, which is amplified by the amplifier and converted by the A/D converter, and the force on the sample during the stretching process is calculated by the microcontroller, and the corresponding data chart is output for reference.
Test Procedures (taking the textile tensile test as an example)
1 Preparation of specimens. Based on the fabric species, choose the shape of the test strip and cut the specimen according to the specified specimen size. Besides, the length direction should be parallel to the warp (longitudinal row) or transverse (or horizontal column) of the fabric. Each sample of warp and weft direction specimens should be at least 5 pieces in the standard atmospheric conditions for 4 hours.
2 Prepare a tensile testing machine complying with the shape of the fabric equipped with the appropriate clamping fixture.
3 Following the related requirements, adjust the upper and lower clamp spacing (clamping length), and stretching speed.
4 Clamp the specimen. First, clamp one end of the specimen in the center of the upper clamp, and then put the other end of the specimen into the center of the lower clamp and straighten it under pre-tension; then tighten the lower clamp (or use the loose clamping method).
5 Start the button to begin repeated testing and output the data information chart.
